Gout is a common, painful form of arthritis. It causes swollen, red, hot, and stiff joints.

A simple goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland. It is usually not cancer.

Glaucoma is a group of diseases that can damage the eye’s optic nerve. It is a leading cause of blindness in the United States.

Gingivitis, also generally called gum disease or periodontal disease, begins with bacterial growth in your mouth and may end — if not properly treated — with tooth loss due to the destruction of the tissue that surrounds your teeth.

Your esophagus is the tube that carries food from your mouth to your stomach.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) happens when a muscle at the end of your esophagus does not close properly.

Epilepsy is a brain disorder that causes people to have recurring seizures.